Male pattern baldness, also known as androgenic alopecia, is the most common form of hair loss in men. It affects millions worldwide, with many seeking effective treatments to manage this condition.

In Singapore, advancements in hair loss treatments provide multiple options for those experiencing thinning hair or balding. This article delves into the causes of male hair loss, various treatment options, and essential factors to consider when choosing a treatment in Singapore.

What is Male Pattern Hair Loss?

Male pattern hair loss, scientifically known as androgenetic alopecia, typically manifests as a receding hairline, thinning around the crown, or a combination of both. This condition is largely driven by genetics and the hormone dihydrotestosterone (DHT).

The Typical Stages of Male Pattern Hair Loss

Male pattern hair loss progresses in stages, often measured by the Norwood scale, a classification system used to gauge the extent of hair loss:

• Stage 1-2: Minimal recession at the hairline, often not easily noticeable.
• Stage 3: The hairline begins to recede significantly at the temples, creating a noticeable "M" shape.
• Stage 4: Thinning at the crown becomes evident, with a deeper recession at the temples.
• Stage 5: The hairline recession and crown thinning connect, leaving only a band of hair across the sides and back.
• Stage 6-7: Advanced stages where only a thin rim of hair remains around the sides and back of the head.

What Causes Male Pattern Balding and Hair Loss?

The primary cause of male hair loss is a complex interaction of genetics, hormonal activity, and age. In particular, the hormone dihydrotestosterone (DHT), a derivative of testosterone, plays a central role in the development of male pattern baldness. Here’s a closer look at the contributing factors:

DHT and Hair Follicle Miniaturization

DHT, produced by the enzyme 5-alpha reductase’s conversion of testosterone, has a significant impact on hair follicles, particularly those on the scalp. Men with a genetic sensitivity to DHT experience a gradual process known as miniaturization in which DHT binds to hair follicle receptors, causing the follicles to shrink over time. Here’s how it unfolds:

• Phase 1: DHT shortens the hair growth phase (anagen phase), producing hair that is increasingly thin and weak.
• Phase 2: With repeated cycles of exposure to DHT, hair follicles produce thinner, shorter hair strands that struggle to reach the surface of the scalp.
• Phase 3: Eventually, the affected hair follicles stop producing hair entirely, leading to the formation of bald patches.

DHT-sensitive hair follicles are most commonly located at the front and crown of the scalp, which is why these areas are often the first to show signs of male pattern baldness.

Genetic Predisposition

Genetics play a crucial role in determining a man's susceptibility to androgenetic alopecia, with the condition often being inherited from either parent. Research indicates that men with a family history of male pattern baldness are significantly more likely to experience hair loss themselves. Genetic predisposition affects both the number of hair follicles sensitive to DHT and the timing of hair loss onset.

Age

While genetics and hormones set the stage for male pattern hair loss, age plays a major role in its progression. Most men will experience some degree of hair loss as they age, with nearly 50% of men over the age of 50 showing noticeable signs of male pattern baldness. The aging process contributes to hair loss through a natural reduction in hair density and the gradual slowing of hair regrowth. Additionally:

• Hair strands become finer as men age, which contributes to a less dense appearance.
• The scalp’s ability to recover from follicle miniaturization decreases over time, making hair regrowth slower and less effective.

Additional Contributing Factors

Aside from genetics and DHT, other factors can accelerate or trigger hair loss, either temporarily or permanently. These factors may exacerbate existing male pattern baldness or bring about additional thinning. Key contributors include:

• Stress: Emotional or physical stress can disrupt the hair growth cycle, leading to temporary hair shedding in a condition known as telogen effluvium. While this form of hair loss is generally reversible, it can exacerbate underlying male pattern baldness.
• Health Conditions: Certain medical conditions, such as thyroid disorders, autoimmune diseases, and severe infections, can contribute to hair loss. Thyroid imbalances, in particular, affect hair growth due to their influence on the body’s metabolic processes.
• Medication Side Effects: Some medications, including blood thinners, antidepressants, and medications for high blood pressure, list hair loss as a side effect. For men with a predisposition to male pattern baldness, these medications can accelerate hair loss, making the balding process more noticeable.
• Lifestyle Factors: Poor diet, lack of exercise, smoking, and inadequate sleep can all negatively impact overall health, including hair health. Nutritional deficiencies, particularly in proteins, vitamins, and minerals essential for hair growth (such as zinc, iron, and biotin), may contribute to accelerated hair loss.

Treatment Options for Male Pattern Baldness in Singapore

With advancements in medical treatments, men experiencing hair loss have more options to slow down, stop, or even reverse hair loss. Here are some safe and effective options available in Singapore:

Oral and Topical Medications (Finasteride and Minoxidil)

Finasteride

Finasteride is one of the most widely prescribed medications for male hair loss and is available in both oral and topical forms. As a 5-alpha-reductase inhibitor, it works by blocking the conversion of testosterone into DHT, a hormone that contributes to hair loss in men. 

By reducing DHT levels, finasteride helps to slow or stop hair loss and can even promote regrowth in many cases. When taken orally, it is typically administered once daily and may take several months for noticeable results. Alternatively, finasteride can also be applied directly to the scalp in topical form, providing a localized treatment option for individuals who are not keen to ingest oral finasteride.

Minoxidil

Minoxidil, a vasodilator, is available in both oral and topical forms and is widely used to promote hair growth in men experiencing hair loss. When applied topically to the scalp, minoxidil works by increasing blood flow to hair follicles, which nourishes and revitalizes them, ultimately stimulating hair growth. 

The topical form is typically applied twice daily to affected areas for optimal results. Oral minoxidil is an alternative for those who prefer a convenient, pill-based option. Both forms of minoxidil are generally safe for long-term use in most men, although results may vary, with many users experiencing visible improvements after several months of consistent use.

Combination Therapy
For enhanced effectiveness, finasteride and minoxidil are often combined, either in oral or topical forms. This dual-action approach can yield better results for men experiencing significant hair thinning.

Hair Regeneration Therapy: Regenera Activa

Regenera Activa is an FDA-approved and HSA-cleared hair regeneration therapy designed to address hair loss by naturally stimulating dormant hair follicles. This treatment uses micro-injections of growth factors and regenerative cells, extracted from a small sample of the patient’s own healthy hair follicles, to activate areas affected by hair loss. These components help restore follicle vitality, promoting healthier and thicker hair over time.

The procedure is minimally invasive and involves extracting a few healthy follicles, processing them to isolate regenerative factors, and then reintroducing them into areas of thinning hair. Regenera Activa is suitable for those with early to moderate hair loss who prefer a non-surgical approach. 

Typically requiring one session every 6 months, this therapy offers a low-maintenance solution for long-term hair health, with results often becoming noticeable within three months as hair density and quality gradually improve.

Hair Growth Supplements: Nourkrin and Miriqa

For individuals seeking non-invasive options to support hair health, Nourkrin and Miriqa are prominent hair growth supplements that provide essential nutrients to strengthen hair and support its natural growth cycle. These supplements work from within to complement topical treatments and are particularly beneficial for those experiencing early stages of hair thinning or aiming to maintain existing hair density.

Nourkrin is formulated with Marilex®, a proprietary ingredient derived from fish cartilage, along with a blend of vitamins and minerals aimed at promoting hair growth and reducing hair loss. Marilex® contains bioactive proteoglycans that help to normalize and maintain the hair growth cycle by providing essential nutrients to hair follicles.

Miriqa, on the other hand, combines a range of antioxidants and botanical ingredients, including tocotrienols, which support hair health by enhancing scalp circulation and protecting follicles from oxidative stress. Miriqa is formulated from a blend of nutraceutical ingredients designed to work synergistically at every stage of the natural hair growth cycle to promote hair growth. 

Both supplements are designed for long-term use and are suitable for men and women seeking natural ways to support their hair health journey.

Frequently Asked Questions About Male Pattern Hair Loss in Singapore

Can male hair loss be reversed?

While certain treatments can effectively slow, stop, or even partially reverse hair loss, it may be difficult to complete “cure” male pattern. Early intervention can help achieve the best results, particularly with medications and regenerative treatments.

Are there any side effects associated with finasteride or minoxidil?

Finasteride and minoxidil are widely used and generally safe, but like any medication, they can have potential side effects. 

Finasteride may cause mild side effects in some men, such as a decreased libido, erectile dysfunction, or a slight reduction in semen volume. These side effects are uncommon and often reversible upon discontinuation of the medication. Rarely, some users may experience breast tenderness or enlargement, which should be promptly reported to a doctor.

Minoxidil, when applied topically, is typically well-tolerated. However, some users may experience mild scalp irritation, dryness, or flaking at the application site. In rare cases, excessive facial hair growth or unwanted hair in other areas may occur if the solution comes into contact with unintended skin areas. Oral minoxidil may carry a risk of side effects like fluid retention or changes in blood pressure and should only be used under medical supervision.

Consulting a healthcare professional before starting these medications ensures proper use and helps manage any potential side effects effectively.

How long does it take to see results from hair loss treatments?

Most treatments take several months to show results. Finasteride and minoxidil may require 3 to 6 months of consistent use, while Regenera Activa typically takes around 3 months for noticeable results.

How to Start Your Hair Loss Treatment Journey in Singapore

If you are experiencing male pattern baldness or hair loss, consult with a qualified clinic in Singapore that specializes in hair restoration. A knowledgeable hair loss doctor can recommend a customized treatment plan based on your unique needs and expectations.

Male pattern baldness is a common concern for men, but with the right treatment options, it’s possible to regain confidence and enjoy a fuller head of hair. From medications to advanced procedures, Singapore offers a range of solutions to address male hair loss effectively.